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''It is a beauteous evening, calm and free'' is a sonnet by William Wordsworth written at Calais in August 1802. It was first published in the collection ''Poems in Two Volumes'' in 1807, appearing as the nineteenth poem in a section entitled 'Miscellaneous sonnets'. The sonnet describes an evening walk on the beach with his nine-year-old daughter Caroline Vallon. Wordsworth reflects that if his young daughter is seemingly unaffected by the majesty of the scene it is because, being young, she is naturally at one with nature. == History == Until that Friday 21 May 1802, Wordsworth had shunned the sonnet form, but his sister Dorothy's recital of Milton's sonnets had "fired him" and he went on to write some 415 in all.〔Gill (1989) pp. 209, 390〕 ''It is a beauteous evening'' is the only "personal" sonnet he wrote at this time; others written in 1802 were political in nature and "Dedicated to Liberty" in the 1807 collection. The simile "''quiet as a nun / Breathless with adoration''" is often cited as an example of how a poet achieves her effects. On the one hand "breathless" reinforces the placid evening scene Wordsworth is describing; on the other hand it suggests tremulous excitement, preparing the reader for the ensuing image of the eternal motion of the sea. Cleanth Brooks provided an influential analysis of the sonnet in terms of these tensions in ''The Well Wrought Urn: Studies in the Structure of Poetry'' (see also Paradox (literature)).〔Brooks (1956) pp. 4, 9〕 The reference to Abraham's bosom (cf. ) has also attracted critical attention as that is normally associated with Heaven (or at least Purgatory) in the Christian tradition, inviting comparison with the Lucy poems.〔Page (1994) p. 65〕 However, a natural reading is that Wordsworth was simply stressing the closeness of the Child to the divine: Stephen Gill references Wordsworth's ode''Intimations of Immortality''.〔Stephen Gill (1984) p. 709n〕 The 'natural piety' of children was a subject that preoccupied Wordsworth at the time and was developed by him in the ''Intimations'', the first four stanzas of which he had completed earlier in the year but had put aside because he could not decide the origin of the presumed natural affinity with the divine in children, nor why we lose it when we emerge from childhood.〔Dorothy's ''Grasmere Journal'' records that Wordsworth wrote the first part of ''Intimations'' on the morning of 27 March 1802, a day after writing Caroline's mother, Annette Vallon, the previous morning.〕 By 1804 he believed he had found the answer in the Platonic doctrine of the pre-existence of souls and was able to complete his ode. The 5th line in the sonnet, "''The gentleness of heaven broods o'er the Sea''", references the creation myth of Genesis 1:2 (compare Milton's ''Paradise Lost'' 7:235, a poem Wordsworth knew virtually by heart), and a similar use of "broods" eventually appeared in the ''Intimations'' in stanza VIII The reference to the everlasting motion of the sea in the sonnet recalls the argument for immortality in Plato's dialogue ''Phaedrus'' (which also treats erotic love). Directly across the water, these images (and the direct imperative "''Listen!''") were to be later echoed by Matthew Arnold, an early admirer (with reservations) of ''Intimations'', in his poem ''Dover Beach'', but in a more subdued and melancholy vein, lamenting the loss of faith, and in what amounts to free verse rather than the tightly disciplined sonnet form that so attracted Wordsworth. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「It is a beauteous evening, calm and free」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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